What is Mental Health? Here’s Everything You Need To Know

Definition   |  Mental Health Disorders  |  Statistics |  Causes  |  Symptoms  | Risk Factors   Diagnosis  |  Treatments | Myths Vs. Facts |  Mental Health Tips  |  Note from Dr. Sannoufi

What is mental health and why is it important?

Think of mental health as the foundation of your thoughts, emotions, and social interactions. It powers how you think, how you feel, and how you connect with people. Here’s why it matters:

• It’s your life’s compass: Your mental health guides you in all parts of your life. It impacts your thoughts, feelings, and your interactions with those around you.
• It’s always there: No matter what stage of life you’re in, from your childhood years to the golden age, your mental health is always with you. This makes it important to have mental health support and resources available to you at all times.
• Your stress shield: In our fast-paced, stress-packed world, your mental health acts as a shield. Being mentally healthy helps you better handle life’s challenges and unexpected crises.
• Your relationship builder: The state of your mental health can shape the quality of your relationships. When you’re mentally healthy, you’ll likely have stronger relationships, communicate better, and experience more satisfaction in your life.

To put it simply, mental health is an important part of your overall wellness. Given its deep impact on every aspect of your life, taking care of your mental health isn’t just a suggestion, it’s a necessity.

What is a mental health disorder?

When we talk about mental health disorders, or mental illnesses, we’re referring to conditions that can significantly impact your day-to-day life. Here’s what sets them apart from general mental health struggles:

• It interferes with your routine: Mental illnesses can shake up your routine, making it harder for you to work, learn, and keep up with your relationships. They can influence your mood, making it tough to function in your usual social or home settings.
• Rough patches are not signs of a disorder: If you’re going through a rough patch, it doesn’t automatically mean you have a mental disorder. It’s common to experience periods of low mental health without it pointing to a specific mental illness.
• It doesn’t mean continuous sadness: On the flip side, having a mental illness doesn’t doom you to constant poor mental health. It’s entirely possible to experience periods of sound mental health, even while dealing with a disorder. This highlights the complex nature of mental health conditions.
• Understanding will tailor your treatment: Recognizing the difference between general mental health issues and mental illnesses is crucial for your treatment. If you’re dealing with a mental illness, you may need different strategies or medications compared to simply aiming to boost general mental health.

While mental disorders can cast a large shadow over your daily life, they don’t fully dictate your mental health. Understanding this can pave the way for more effective self-care, treatment, and overall mental well-being for you.

What are the different types of mental health disorders?

With over 200 different forms, mental health disorders is a complex topic each with their own set of symptoms and treatments. It may be overwhelming, but to simplify, here are some that you may commonly come across:

• Anxiety Disorders: These are conditions where constant fear or worry may take over your life.
• Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): If you have ADHD, you may experience ongoing patterns of inattention or hyperactivity that interfere with your day-to-day activities.
• Autism Spectrum Disorder: This developmental disorder can impact how you communicate and behave.
• Mood Disorders: You may be familiar with conditions like depression, which involves lasting feelings of sadness, or bipolar disorder, which includes alternating periods of depression and extreme high energy.
• Disruptive Behavior Disorders: These include conditions where you may often defy authority or act out aggressively.
• Eating Disorders: If you or someone you know has abnormal or unhealthy eating habits, it could be an eating disorder, which can harm both physical and mental health.
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD): With OCD, you may find yourself dealing with unstoppable, repeating thoughts (obsessions) and behaviors (compulsions).
• Personality Disorders: You may experience ongoing, unhealthy ways of thinking, functioning, and behaving.
• Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): This condition may develop after you experience or witness a terrifying event, leading to flashbacks, nightmares, and extreme anxiety.
• Psychotic Disorders: Disorders like schizophrenia can make you lose touch with reality due to impaired thoughts and emotions.
• Substance Use Disorders: These disorders are centered around the overuse of, and dependence on, drugs or alcohol.

Knowing about these disorders and their characteristics can help you recognize them, seek effective treatment, and navigate your mental health journey in a better way.

Mental health statistics in Canada

In Canada, many people struggle with mental health issues like depression, bipolar disorder, addiction, eating disorders, anxiety, schizophrenia, personality disorders, and PTSD. To put it simply, 1 in 5 Canadians face a mental health challenge in any given year. By the time we reach age 40, one in 2 people has experienced or is facing a mental health issue.

These numbers aren’t just statistics; they highlight the need for understanding and support from the community. If you ever feel alone, remember, you’re not the only one. You’re not alone in this; we’re here at La Vie, always ready to guide and support you.

What causes mental health disorders?

Mental illnesses are complex and can be caused by many interconnected factors. Understanding these triggers is crucial for prevention and treatment. Here are some key factors:

1. Genetics: Your genes could potentially make you more likely to develop a mental illness. You may have inherited these genes, or they could change over your lifetime.
2. Brain chemistry: If the chemicals in your brain that send signals, called neurotransmitters, are out of balance, this could lead to various mental health disorders.
3. Your lifestyle & environment:

• • Substance abuse: Using alcohol or recreational drugs could raise your risk of developing a mental illness.
  • Diet choices: If your diet is poor or unbalanced, it may negatively affect your mental health.
  • Lack of support: If you don’t have much support from friends or family, this could make you more vulnerable to mental health issues.
  • Birth complications: If you had a traumatic birth or complications during pregnancy, this could increase your risk.
  • Medical conditions: If you’re dealing with chronic diseases or neurological disorders, these could act as triggers.
  • Sleep disturbances: Sleep disorders could lead to or exacerbate your mental health challenges.

4. Traumatic experiences:

• • Brain injuries: If you’ve had a traumatic brain injury, it could directly impact your mental health.
  • Life events: Traumatic experiences such as abuse can significantly contribute to mental health issues.
  • Spiritual struggles: If you’re having conflicts related to your spiritual beliefs, they can also play a role.

Remember, these potential causes highlight the importance of a well-rounded approach in understanding your mental health. Each person’s situation is unique and can be influenced differently by these factors. This shows why personal care is so important in managing mental health.

What are the symptoms of a behavioral health disorder?

Pay attention and keep an eye out for these signs. Early detection and intervention can make a big difference:

Common symptoms in adults:

• Substance abuse: You may see an increased reliance on drugs or alcohol.
• Social isolation: Avoiding social gatherings or friends may become more common.
• Changes in sex drive: You may notice significant shifts in your libido.
• Distorted reality: Experiencing delusions or hallucinations can be a sign.
• Anxiety: Persistent worry or excessive fear can be common.
• Sleep problems: Feeling constantly tired or struggling with sleep may occur.
• Emotional distress: You may experience prolonged feelings of sadness, loneliness, intense irritability, or anger.
• Difficulty understanding emotions: Interpreting or understanding others’ emotions may become challenging.
• Self-perception issues: Obsessing over body image, weight, or eating habits can be a symptom.
• Cognitive problems: You may have trouble concentrating, learning, or completing daily tasks.
• Mood swings: Shifting rapidly between emotional “lows” and “highs” could be a sign.
• Self-harm: Thinking about suicide or hurting oneself can be a serious symptom.

Symptoms specific to children:

Mental disorders can greatly impact a child’s life and development. As a parent or guardian, look out for these signs:

• Changes in school and social life: A change in their grades or how they interact with friends can be a sign.
• Loss of interest: Your child may lose interest in hobbies or activities they used to enjoy.
• Anxiety: Excessive worry, like being scared at bedtime, could be a symptom.
• Behavioral problems: Regular temper tantrums, disobedience, or aggression may arise.
• Hyperactivity: Your child may have trouble concentrating and constantly need to move.
• Disturbed sleep: Frequent nightmares can be a sign.

When to call a doctor

You should consider seeking professional help if you’ve been dealing with troubling symptoms for two weeks or more, including:

• You’re having a hard time falling asleep or staying asleep.
• Your eating habits have changed, leading to unwanted weight loss or gain.
• You find it difficult to get out of bed in the morning because of your mood.
• Concentrating on tasks has become more challenging.
• You no longer enjoy activities that you usually find pleasurable.
• Daily tasks and responsibilities are becoming hard to manage.

Risk factors for mental health conditions

Regardless of age, gender, wealth, or background, mental health issues can touch anyone. In developed countries, these conditions are among the top causes of disability, which is why it’s important for you to understand what may increase your risk:

• Your social & financial circumstances: Your living conditions and financial status can greatly influence your mental health.
• Experiences from childhood: If you’ve had traumatic experiences when you were young, it may have long-lasting impacts on your mental health.
• Biological factors: Your genes and the balance of chemicals in your brain may make you more susceptible to mental health disorders.
• Existing health conditions: If you’re dealing with chronic diseases like cancer, diabetes, or hypothyroidism, it can lead to mental health issues..

It’s also important to note that it’s not uncommon for someone to experience more than one mental health disorder at the same time, which can complicate the process of diagnosis and treatment.

Keeping your mental health in check is like walking a tightrope. A lot of different aspects contribute to this balance, and any disruption can lead to mental health issues.

How are mental health disorders diagnosed?

If you’re experiencing symptoms that could indicate a mental health disorder, it’s important to get in touch with a healthcare provider specializing in mental health. A diagnosis from them can help you find the right treatment and boost your quality of life.

Steps in your diagnosis:

1. Reviewing your symptoms: Your healthcare provider will carefully consider each symptom you’re experiencing to understand your mental health.
2. Understanding your history: Honesty goes a long way. Make sure to tell your healthcare provider about any triggers that seem to intensify your symptoms, whether your symptoms are constant or come and go, and when you first started noticing a change in your mental health.
3. Additional tests: While there aren’t any medical tests that can conclusively diagnose mental illnesses, your healthcare provider may order tests like blood work or imaging exams. These are used to rule out other physical health problems that could be influencing your mental health.

The path to getting a diagnosis may feel like a winding road, but it’s the first vital step towards finding effective treatment. Trusting your healthcare provider and opening up about your symptoms can make this journey smoother and help you get the care you need faster.

How are mental health disorders treated?

Living with a mental health disorder can be challenging, but remember, there are plenty of treatments out there that can offer you relief and healing. Here’s a look at some of the treatment options your healthcare provider may consider:

1. Medication: Medication is a common approach for many mental health issues. By regulating brain chemicals, drugs like antidepressants and antipsychotics can help manage your symptoms. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions on taking the medication – not doing so could cause problems.
2. Psychotherapy: Also known as “talk therapy,” psychotherapy lets you talk through your struggles with a mental health professional. Together, you’ll work to understand your condition and develop coping strategies. One effective method is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), which helps you shift negative thought patterns and behaviors.
3. Alternative therapies: These treatments include everything from herbal remedies to activities like yoga and meditation. Many people find these helpful, but it’s important to discuss these with your healthcare provider before starting. They’ll ensure that these don’t interfere with any other treatments you’re undergoing.
4. Brain stimulation therapies: If traditional treatments haven’t worked for you, brain stimulation therapies may be an option. Techniques like electroconvulsive therapy and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which alter the brain’s responses and chemical processes, offer new possibilities for treatment.

Seeking treatment can feel daunting, but remember – it’s a brave and essential step towards a healthier, more balanced life.

Myths vs. facts about mental health

1. Myth: People with mental health issues are less intelligent.

Fact: Intelligence and mental health are separate. Anyone, regardless of intellect, can face mental health challenges.

2. Myth: Teenagers don’t have real mental health issues; they’re just hormonal.

Fact: While hormones can affect moods, mental health can impact anyone at any age. In fact, half of all mental health conditions start by age 14.

3. Myth: Mental health issues lead to violence.

Fact: Contrary to this stereotype, only 5% of violent crimes are tied to severe mental health conditions.

4. Myth: Psychiatric medications are harmful and act as crutches.

Fact: Like how insulin benefits diabetics, psychiatric meds can help balance the brain’s chemistry, improving many people’s lives.

5. Myth: People with bipolar disorder are merely “moody.”

Fact: Bipolar disorder involves extended cycles, not just fleeting mood changes.

6. Myth: Mental health issues signify weakness.

Fact: Mental health isn’t just about willpower. It’s influenced by various factors, including biochemistry and genetics.

7. Myth: Poor parenting causes youth mental health issues.

Fact: While family can influence well-being, mental health is shaped by numerous factors.

8. Myth: People with mental health concerns can’t succeed in jobs.

Fact: With the right support, those facing mental health challenges can excel in their careers.

People also ask

What are the 4 types of mental health disorder?

Mental health is a complex landscape with a variety of disorders. Understanding the main categories can help you navigate it better. Let’s break them down:

1. Mood disorders: These involve significant mood swings. Familiar examples include:

• • Depression: Here, you may consistently feel sad, hopeless, and lose interest in things you usually enjoy.
  • Bipolar Disorder: This is characterized by alternating periods of elation and depression.

2. Anxiety disorders: If you’re dealing with intense, persistent feelings of anxiety and fear that go beyond typical worries, you may be looking at an anxiety disorder.
3. Personality disorders: These are long-lasting patterns of thoughts and behaviors that deviate from what’s typically expected in your culture. They can affect your interpersonal relationships and stay consistent across different situations.
4. Psychotic disorders: These disorders cause distorted thinking and awareness. A common example is:

• • Schizophrenia: If you’re experiencing hallucinations, delusions, and find it challenging to distinguish between reality and your thoughts, it could be schizophrenia.

Gaining knowledge about these categories isn’t just beneficial for medical professionals — it’s helpful for you too. Understanding these can assist in early detection, timely intervention, and contribute to creating a society that’s more empathetic to mental health challenges.

What’s the difference between anxiety and an anxiety disorder?

Feeling anxious is a normal part of life, especially when you’re dealing with stressful events or situations. But, if your anxiety becomes overwhelming, seems uncontrollable, or pops up without any obvious reason, it may be an anxiety disorder. This type of mental illness can greatly impact your life.

Here’s how you can distinguish between the two:

Normal Anxiety:

• Is a typical reaction to various situations in your life.
• Can actually be beneficial, as it can motivate you or warn you of potential danger.
• Doesn’t overwhelm you or become unmanageable.
• Doesn’t interfere with your everyday life.

Anxiety Disorder:

• Is a form of mental illness.
• Causes unexpected or intense anxiety that influences how you think, feel, and act.
• Can feel overwhelming or beyond your control.
• Can make you avoid certain activities or scenarios to prevent feeling anxious.
• Can lead to uncomfortable physical feelings and health issues.
• Can be effectively treated with professional help.

If you notice your anxiety is becoming a constant or overwhelming presence in your life, don’t hesitate to seek professional help. Remember, it’s okay to ask for assistance, and effective treatments are available.

Tips for maintaining mental health

Maintaining your mental well-being is a day-to-day commitment, especially during challenging times. Here are some effective strategies that you can include in your self-care routine to reinforce your mental resilience:

1. Commit to regular exercise: Whether it’s jogging, dancing, or yoga, moving your body can do wonders for your mind. Aim for 45 minutes of activity, three to five times a week.
2. Focus on nutrition: Eating a balanced diet and staying hydrated can provide sustained energy and vitality, helping you navigate your day.
3. Prioritize quality sleep: Sleep and mental health are closely linked. Make sure to get enough rest each night – it’s a vital part of healing.
4. Make time for relaxation: Activities like deep breathing, using meditation apps, or journaling aren’t just hobbies. They’re powerful tools for managing stress and boosting your well-being.
5. Practice gratitude: Pause amidst the busyness of life to appreciate the good things. Regularly recognizing the positives can shift your perspective and uplift your mood.
6. Challenge negative thoughts: When a pessimistic thought comes, don’t just accept it. Challenge it. This active engagement can help move your mindset from negative to positive.
7. Build and maintain connections: We’re social creatures by nature. Build meaningful relationships that not only bring joy but are your pillars of support in rough times.

Going on this journey of self-care is a powerful step towards taking control of your mental health. It’s about cultivating positivity and resilience in your life. Remember, with consistency, these practices can have a transformative impact on your well-being.

A note from Dr. Sannoufi

Facing the stresses of life can deeply affect how you think, feel, and act every day. Some days, even the simplest tasks may feel overwhelming. But there’s hope. The right diagnosis can open the door to effective treatment. If you or someone close to you seems to be struggling, please reach out for understanding and support. Taking that step is a testament to your strength and insight.

Always remember, your mental well-being is just as important as your physical health. As you navigate this journey, know that you’re not alone; there’s a supportive community and professionals, like me, who are here to help and guide you.

Where can I learn more about mental health?

• Mental Illness – Canada.ca
• Mood and anxiety disorders in Canada
• Mental Illness and Addiction: Facts and Statistics | CAMH
• Mental health issues in Canada – Statistics & Facts | Statista
• Mental health issues in Canada are more common than you think | Canadian Living
• 10 tips to boost your mental health
• Tips for good mental health | Here to Help
• Caring for Yourself and Others: 10 Tips to Improve Mental Health 
• Improving Mental Health – CMHA British Columbia
• Mental health support: get help – Canada.ca
• Mental Health Strategy for Canada
• Mental Illness and Addiction: Facts and Statistics | CAMH